Ventilating system for a building, e.g. a building divided into flats



July 21, 1959 I J. P. HEKELAAR VENTILATING SYSTEM FOR A BUILDING. E.G.

BUILDING DIVIDED INTO FLATS Filed 001;. 24, 1956 1N VEN TOR.

JOHANNE'S PETRUS HEKELAAR ATTOYLNESS United States Patent VENTILATINGSYSTEM FOR A BUILDING, E.G. A BUILDING DIVIDED INTO FLATS JohannesPetrus 'Hekelaar, The Hague, Netherlands, as-

signor, by mesne assignments, to N.V. Uutwerp- & ExploitatiebureauShunt, The Hague, Netherlands, a limited-liability company ApplicationOctober 24, 1956, Serial No. 618,106

Claims priority, application Netherlands July 4, 1956 1 Claim. (Cl.98-32) This invention relates to a ventilating system for a building,e.g. a building divided into flats. It has for its purpose to ensure theventilation of a room and more particularly of rooms on various storiesof a building, especially for those cases where the relative room isprovided with hermetically closing windows and/or doors. In such a casee.g. in a bath room a situation that is dangerous to the occupant ofsaid room may come into being if no attention is paid to ventilation.

According to the invention the ventilating system comprises two verticalmain channels, one of which communicates with the atmosphere at itslower end, the other channel ending at its upper end as a chimney in theatmosphere. A number of rooms of the building that are to be ventilatedare connected on the one hand with said first main channel and on theother hand with said second main channel. Thus the rooms are subjectedto the natural draught prevailing in the main channel which functions asa chimney.

This system, therefore, is independent of apparatuses [for forceddraught and it ensures the ventilation of the relative rooms.

In a practical embodiment of the ventilating system according to theinvention one or more rooms of the building to be ventilated may beconnected on the one hand to vertical auxiliary channels branched olffrom said first main channel. The vertical auxiliary channels end attheir upper ends adjacent the floors of said rooms. The rooms on theother hand communicate with the second main channel via auxiliarychannels branched off therefrom. Preferably the auxiliary channels inrooms on different stories are arranged in two groups in superposedstory-wise relationship. To ensure good ventilation under all conditionsit is advisable according to the invention for the vertical distancebetween the opening through which the first main channel communicateswith the at mosphere and the most adjacent opening at the point where anauxiliary channel branches off to be at least 22.00 feet.

In those cases where it is not possible to keep the distance specified,the relative room to be ventilated, instead of being provided with meansof a branch from a main channel, is provided with an auxiliary channelwhich has an opening communicating with the atmosphere.

The invention will be elucidated hereinafter with reference to theaccompanying drawing showing an embodiment.

This drawing shows a vertical sectional view of a ventilating systemaccording to the invention, applied to a multi-story building.

In the embodiment chosen the building comprises stories 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5and a roof. A vertical main channel 7 provides a supply of fresh airshown by arrows 33, 35, 37, 39, 40 to the building 31. An inlet opening8 which leads to the channel 7 is disposed in a wall 9 somewhere in thelower part of the building, eg in the cellar. The opening 8 ends in theatmosphere. Vertical auxiliary channels 10, 11 and 12 are branched offfrom the main channel 7. The auxiliary channels 10, 11, 12 feed freshair as shown by arrows 34, 36, 38 into the rooms located (livingquarters, bath rooms, etc.) on the stories 2, 3, '4 through openings 13,14 and 15. The openings 13, 14, 15 are located at a small distance abovethe floors of the stories. 2, 3, 4. At its upper end the main channel 7is provided with an opening 16 which is located at a little distanceabove the floor of the top most story 5. A further vertical auxiliarychannel 17 having an air inlet opening 19 located in the wall 9communicates with the first story and provides air thereto shown byarrow 32 through an opening 18. Said channel 17 runs parallel to butdoes not communicate with the lower portion of the main channel 7. Theauxiliary channel 17 which, therefore, is not a branch channel, providesfor the possibility of causing the vertical distance between the airinlet opening 8 of the main channel 7 and the most adjacent opening 20,that is, the distance where the first vertical auxiliary channel 10branches from channel 7, to amount to at least 22.00 feet.

A second vertical main channel 21 is provided with auxiliary channels22, 23 and 24 branching otf therefrom. An outlet 25a serves for theexhaust of air under natural draught. The lower end of said main channel21 and the lower ends of the auxiliary channels: 22, 23 and 24 aredisposed in the upper part of rooms of the stories 1, 2, 3, 4respectively to be ventilated. The channels 22, 23, 24, 25 are providedwith openings 27, 28, 29, 30 which are located near the respectiveceilings of stories 3, 4, 5, 6 and through which openings vitiated airshown by arrows 42, 44, 46, 48 is exhausted. In order to enable asufficient distance to be maintained between the upper portion of thechannel 21 and the first communication opening with an auxiliarychannel, a still further veitical auxiliary channel 25 is in the form ofan independent channel which has its own communication opening to theatmosphere.

I claim:

A ventilating system for ventilating a plurality of stories in amulti-story building, said system comprising a vertical main channelhaving at its lower end an inlet opening communicating with theatmosphere and at its upper end an opening communicating with theuppermost story of the building adjacent the floor thereof, a secondvertical main channel having an exhaust outlet at its upper end, and alower end communicating with the first story of the building adjacentthe ceiling thereof, said two channels being located adjacent to andseparated from each other, a plurality of superposed vertical auxiliarychannels branching off the first-mentioned main channel, each of saidvertical auxiliary channels having a lower end communicating with thefirst-mentioned main channel and an upper end communicating with aseparate story adjacent the floor thereof, a plurality of -super posedvertical auxiliary channels branching off said second main channel andbeing located opposite to the first-mentioned auxiliary channels, eachof the secondmentioned vertical auxiliary channels having a lower endcommunicating with a separate story adjacent the ceiling thereof and anupper end communicating with said second main channel, a furthervertical auxiliary channel located parallel to the lower portion of thefirst-mentioned main channel and having at its lower end an air inletopening and at its upper end an opening communicating with the firststory of the building, and a still further vertical auxiliary channellocated parallel to the: upper portion 2,895,398 3 of said second mainchannel and having a lower end -328,818 communicating with the uppermoststory of the building 445 486 and an upper end communicating with theatmosphere. 533,454

References Cited in the file of this patent 5 1 UNITED STATES PATENTS1:448:149 292,444 Pii'lling Jan. 22, 1884 2,164,394

Simpson Oct. 20, 1885 Andrews Jan. 27, 1891 Fryslie Feb. 5, 1895 HodgesIan. 24, 1911 Johnson Feb. 17, 1914 Pennington Mar. 13, 192.3 Faber July4, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE CORBEC'HON Patent N082,895,398 Jul- 21, 1959 Johannes Petrus Hekelaar It is hereby certifiedthat error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction andthat the said Letters Patent should read as correctedbelowa In thegrant, lines 2 and 3, and line 13, in the heading to the printedspecification, lines 5 and 6, name of assignee, for Nova OUJBWQTP- &Exploitatiebureau "Shunt, read m NAT Ontwerp- & Exploitatiebureau -tn vSigned and sealed this 12th day of April 1960.,

KARL e W ROBERT c. WATSON Attesting Officer Conrnissioner of Patents

